Contrary to popular belief, when you buy a gold piece of jewelry, it isn't necessarily composed of 100 percent pure gold. Instead, almost all gold jewelry is created from a combination of pure gold with a variety of other metals.
This is due to the fact that pure gold is extremely soft. Pure gold engagement rings, earrings, and other jewelry are exceedingly easy to scratch, scuff, dent, and distort, frequently just by brushing against another surface.
There's also the color issue: pure gold is closer to orange in color than the warm gold color most of us associate with gold jewelry.
As a result, modern gold jewelry incorporates gold that has been combined with other metals. The karat system is used to determine the purity of this gold, which tells you what proportion of any type of gold is pure gold.
The karatage of gold is measured in parts out of 24. Pure gold, for example, is 24K because it is made up of 24 components, each of which is pure gold.
18 karat gold jewelry is made up of 18 parts pure gold and 6 parts other metals. These metals could include nickel, silver, copper, zinc, and palladium, depending on the color of the gold (for example, white gold, yellow gold, or rose gold). 18 karat gold jewelry is 75 percent pure gold when expressed as a percentage.
14K gold, on the other hand, is made up of 14 parts pure gold and 10 parts other metals, with the proportions of the other metals fluctuating depending on the color of the gold. Pure gold accounts for 58.3 percent of the total metal in 14K gold jewelry when expressed as a percentage.